Pedro França/Agência Senado
As medidas de ajuste fiscal adotadas pelo governo foram tema de debate na manhã desta segunda-feira (8) no Senado. Ainda que o corte dos recursos orçamentários destinados aos programas sociais impactem todos os brasileiros, uma parcela será mais prejudicada: os mais pobres, principalmente os negros. A avaliação foi feita por debatedores que participaram de audiência pública na Comissão de Direitos Humanos e Legislação Participativa (CDH). Representantes do governo foram convidados a participar da reunião, mas não compareceram, o que motivou críticas.
Para o diretor da ONG Educafro, Frei David Santos, a ausência de representantes dos ministérios da Educação, Planejamento, Orçamento e Gestão, Fazenda e da Secretaria de Políticas de Promoção da Igualdade Racial (Seppir) demonstra que o governo não tem respostas para os problemas que afligem a população negra.
– Todos os representantes do governo fugiram da audiência porque eles não têm respostas para as nossas verdades, para as nossas dores. A Educafro não aceita que as respostas à crise econômica brasileira sejam lançadas novamente nas costas da população negra – disse Frei David.
Ele criticou ainda o corte de recursos para a Secretaria de Políticas de Promoção da Igualdade Racial:
– O Ministério da Seppir tem o menor orçamento de todos os orçamentos dos ministérios do governo Dilma. Mesmo assim, Dilma e Levy [ministro da Fazenda] tiveram a ousadia de abusar de nós negros, de nos humilhar, cortando 58% da verba de Seppir – acrescentou.
Educação
Como exemplo do impacto das medidas econômicas sobre a população negra, Frei David citou o contingenciamento de verbas federais para a educação. Segundo ele, a diminuição de repasses para universidades públicas e para o Fies(Financiamento Estudantil) levaram muitos negros a abandonar os estudos.
– Quem serão os mais afetados na fila do desemprego? Serão os negros de baixa renda e sem diploma – afirmou Frei David.
O professor da Universidade de Brasília (UnB) Ivair Augusto Alves dos Santos também criticou a ausência de representantes do governo e cobrou maior diálogo do Palácio do Planalto com os movimentos sociais. Ainda assim, afirmou que ações afirmativas adotadas nos últimos 12 anos ajudaram a melhorar a situação do negro na sociedade. Segundo ele, é preciso avançar no combate ao genocídio da população negra e no combate ao preconceito. Ele defendeu a criação de um fundo com esse objetivo:
– Queremos conversar com o Ministério da Fazenda e o Ministério do Planejamento e dizer o seguinte: Qual a proposta que o governo tem para combater o racismo e a desigualdade racial? Quanto tem de recursos para poder fazer isso?
Para o professor da UnB, outros segmentos da sociedade, como os empresários e o setor financeiro, também precisam se engajar na superação das desigualdades sociais.
– Cadê os empresários? Cadê o setor financeiro? Parece que eles não têm nenhum compromisso com relação a isso – disse Ivair dos Santos.
A jornalista Luciana Barreto, da TV Brasil, também destacou os avanços sociais experimentados pelo país na última década, mas disse temer que os mais pobres, principalmente os negros, fiquem novamente desamparados diante da retração da economia.
Novo debate
O senador Hélio José (PSD-DF) anunciou a apresentação de novo requerimento para debater impactos do ajuste fiscal sobre a população negra e disse que vai tentar garantir a presença de representantes do governo. A ideia é que a próxima audiência pública sobre o tema seja realizada novamente pela CDH ou pela Comissão Mista de Orçamento (CMO).
– Nós precisamos realmente da presença de todos, para podermos dizer ao Brasil os pontos de vista, principalmente dos nossos órgãos públicos – disse o senador.
O senador Telmário Mota (PDT-RR) leu mensagem encaminhada pelo presidente da CDH, senador Paulo Paim (PT-RS), que não participou do debate em razão de outro compromisso. No texto, Paim afirma que os negros serão mais impactados pelas medidas do ajuste fiscal por já enfrentarem um cenário de menos oportunidades no mercado de trabalho e de salários mais baixos.
Ajuste fiscal
Além do contingenciamento de R$ 69,9 bilhões em gastos da União em 2015, o ajuste fiscal adotado pelo governo endurece as regras para a concessão do seguro-desemprego, do seguro-defeso e do abono salarial. Também altera as normas para o recebimento do auxílio-doença e da pensão por morte, impondo carências e tempo para esse direito conforme a faixa de idade do beneficiário. Aumenta ainda as alíquotas de contribuições incidentes sobre as importações – o PIS/Pasep e a Cofins.
Agência Senado (Reprodução autorizada mediante citação da Agência Senado)
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