Sala de aula: será o estudante que montará sua grade
São Paulo – O governo do Estado de São Paulo vai iniciar no próximo ano um novo modelo de currículo no ensino médio. O plano da Secretaria Estadual da Educação é transformar a maior parte do curso em disciplinas optativas, modelo em que os estudantes podem escolher o que vão estudar. O novo ensino médio deve começar em 2016 em um número restrito de escolas e depois avançar para toda a rede.
A reforma dessa etapa deve transformar sobretudo os 2º e 3º anos, quando as disciplinas serão oferecidas para opção do aluno. Será o estudante que montará sua grade. Apenas o 1.º ano continuaria com o currículo fechado, em um “núcleo comum”, como é hoje em toda a educação básica.
Ao se confirmar, essa deve ser a maior mudança no ensino médio da rede estadual, a maior do país. O secretário da Educação de São Paulo, Herman Voorwald, informou à reportagem acreditar que a aposta no protagonismo do aluno é a melhor saída para essa etapa, considerada o maior gargalo da educação brasileira.
“Se eu quiser desenvolver a capacidade de escolha e de tomada de decisões nos jovens, tenho de permitir que ele opte. Este é o único caminho que tenho para que esse menino diga: ‘estou escolhendo as disciplinas que eu quero, que fazem parte do que eu quero seguir na minha vida’”, disse o secretário.
A proposta está sendo finalizada na área pedagógica da pasta para ser discutida no Conselho Estadual de Educação (CEE) no segundo semestre.
A secretaria não revela detalhes, mas o plano é que a maior parte do que é estudado nos dois últimos anos seja construída a partir dos interesses do aluno. Deve haver a oferta de disciplinas fora da grade tradicional, como Teatro.
“Ou mudamos ou vamos falir e esses meninos não vêm para a escola. Se ele odeia Matemática, pode optar por Artes, Idiomas”, diz Voorwald.
Modelo
Ainda não há um número definido de escolas que vão iniciar a nova grade, mas elas serão escolhidas por adesão ao projeto. Há preocupação na pasta de o modelo “travar” se for iniciado em um número muito grande de escolas ou na rede toda. Essa estratégia de adesão foi adotada no modelo de Escola de Tempo Integral, iniciado em 2011, que hoje envolve 257 escolas do fundamental ao médio.
Essas unidades de tempo integral têm grade flexível, com base em um conceito de protagonismo juvenil. Os alunos podem escolher disciplinas optativas, que vão da prática de ciência à moda. As boas experiências do modelo é que têm inspirado o novo currículo.
“O aluno não será mais um número, muda até o conceito de gestão”, diz o secretário, que afirma que o plano existe desde 2011, quando assumiu a pasta no início do mandato anterior do governador Geraldo Alckmin (PSDB). “Mas o terreno não era fértil na época, como agora”, diz. As informações são do jornal O Estado de S. Paulo.
JOAO PIMENTEL
26 de junho de 2015 at 19:23
A algum tempo atrás, quando estudava as matérias específicas pro vestibulares das universidades públicas, fica com essa questão martelando na cabeça. Eu, aluno de escola pública, estudando Filosofia, Sociologia, Geografia e História pro vestibular e sendo obrigado a me desdobrar pra estudar toda a grade no colégio. Hoje, passado essa etapa, os principais vestibulares, sejam em universidades públicas ou particulares, são através da nota obtida no ENEM, que considero um avanço. O processo seletivo não exige mais apenas as matérias específicas ao curso que pretende, mas da grade completa. Considerando isso, penso isso como uma forma de retrocesso. Logo quando conseguimos unificar os vestibulares em uma prova promovida pelo Estado que, de certa forma, nivela todos os estudantes, vamos abrir a grade e transforar as disciplinas que o ENEM exige em optativas?
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